Tuesday, July 20, 2010

Configure Tata Photon+ on Ubuntu/Linux Mint

Refer to my blog of Wednesday, February 24, 2010 regarding configuring USB Dongles for Internet (Reliance NetConnect, Photon+ etc) on Linux.


Well, today I was configuring the latest Tata Photon+ (model: EC 1261, Huawei Chip) on Linux Mint 9 which required some additional steps to the ones mentioned in my referred blog. Thought would share it!


Though followed every step as mentioned in my referred blog, the Internet connect was of no success. The dongle just wont be recognized as a modem - but just as a 'USB generic converter'. 

Post addition of 'usbserial' module as mentioned in my blog, the USB dongle was no more recognised as  storage device. Did a bit of Googling and visited various forums - and finally came up with the solution (In Linux, there is always a solution :-) - and learnt something called the 'ZeroCD' feature!!!


Steps as follows:-

1. Did the 'lsusb' to find the vendor and product id after inserting the Tata Photon+ dongle in the system

2. Did the 'sudo modeprobe usbserial vendor=0x12d1 product=0x1446' thing.

3. Removed the dongle and reinserted it.


4. Checked the 'lsmod' command to ensure that usbserial module is available and usb-storage module is not available (else usb-storage makes the dongle to be seen as a storage device), If usb-storage would have been there, would have done a 'rmmod' for it.


5. Cheked 'dmesg' and found that the dongle is being seen on ttyUSB0.


6. On running 'wvdialconf' - it could not find the dongle at ttyUSB0


7. checked 'dmesg' and found that the dongle is being recognised as 'USB Generic Converter' and not as a modem


8. Based on googling/forum inputs, downloaded 'usb-modeswitch-data' and 'usb-modeswitch' debian packages from the Debian repository.
Why use this? Explained in the repository:

mode switching data for usb-modeswitch

Several new USB devices have their proprietary Windows drivers onboard, especially WAN dongles. When plugged in for the first time, they act like a flash storage and start installing the driver from there. If the driver is already installed, the storage device vanishes and a new device, such as an USB modem, shows up. This is called the "ZeroCD" feature.
On Debian, this is not needed, since the driver is included as a Linux kernel module, such as "usbserial". However, the device still shows up as "usb-storage" by default. usb-modeswitch solves that issue by sending the command which actually performs the switching of the device from "usb-storage" to "usbserial".
This package contains the commands data needed for usb-modeswitch.


9. Installed them using 'dpkg' - 'sudo dpkg -i '


10. Re-inserted the dongle - and Viola! - it was recognised as a GSM modem!!

11. did the 'wvdialconf' (can also use 'gnome-ppp' ) and the system was swinging on the Internet!!!


STEPS 8 AND 9 WERE CRITICAL FOR SWITCHING THE USB!!



Tuesday, July 13, 2010

Linux Tutorials - an awesome list

13 Of the Best Linux Tutorials and OpenCourseWare on the Web

The Web can be an excellent source for Linux tutorials and training, if you know where to look. This article is meant to serve as a guide for new and advanced users who are searching for free Linux tutorials.
Linux

#1 IBM's New to Linux

If you are brand new to Linux and have no idea what it is or what you can do with it, IBM's Linux Introduction is worth checking out. This tutorial guides readers through everything they need to know to start working with Linux. The tutorial also provides links to hundreds of other articles, tutorials and training devices.

#2 Professor Norm Matloff's Beginner's Guide to Installing and Using Linux

Dr. Norm Matloff works for the Department of Computer Science at the University of California, Davis. He has created a fantastic guide to installing and using Linux. Designed specifically for beginners, the tutorial provides info on post-installation configuration, Linux usage, Linux applications software, dual boot issues, troubleshooting and much more.

#3 Linux Fundamentals Course

This Linux course, designed for new users, offers a brief history of Open Source Software and an introduction to Linux fundamentals. Basic commands are covered, as are other required topics for people who are just getting started with Linux. The Linux Fundamentals Course takes an estimated 18 hours to complete.

#4 Linux Desktop 101 Course

This free course from the About.com Guide to Linux is meant to teach beginners how to keep a PC running with a Linux operating system. The course lasts for 14 weeks; each installment is delivered via e-mail.

#5 Linux Network Administration Guide

This Linux guide, which is more course than tutorial, teaches the fundamentals of network administration for Linux users. Linux topics include--but are not limited to--digital encryption, digital signatures, network configuration, network security and remote access. If you are interested in this Linux tutorial, set some time aside. It takes an estimated 30 hours to complete.

#6 The Linux System Administrator's Guide

This comprehensive tutorial is designed to be an introduction to system administration for new Linux users. Some of the topics covered in this handy guide include system configuration, software installation, user account management and memory management. Users who complete this Linux tutorial will have nearly all the information they need to keep a Linux system running.

#7 Linux Command-Line Tools Guide

This guide doesn't list every single Linux-based tool, but it does provide a comprehensive list of the most useful and important command-line tools available on GNU/Linux based operating systems. The Linux Command-Line Tools Guide is geared towards beginners and intermediate users, but it would make an excellent desk reference for advanced users as well.

#8 Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide

This free Linux tutorial explores the art of shell scripting. It is excellent for people who don't have advanced knowledge of scripting or programming. The tutorial starts out slow and quickly moves into intermediate and advanced shell scripting techniques. Reinforcement exercises are included for the ultimate learning experience.

#9 The National Institute of Standards and Technology's Real-Time Linux Tutorial

The National Institute of Standards and Technology's Real-Time Linux Tutorial offers an intensive introduction to RT Linux. Topics include--but are not limited to--single and variable period tasks, shared memory communication, FIFO communication and interrupt service routines. The tutorial includes a number of easy-to-follow examples and comprehensive instruction on the basics of RT Linux.

#10 Advanced Linux Programming Guide

The Advanced Linux Programming Guide teaches users how to write more sophisticated programming. Topics include hardware device interaction, multiprocessing, multi-threading and interprocess communication. This guide emphasizes Linux system capabilities and conventions.

#11 Linux Online's Course for Advanced Users

This course from Linux Online is a series of how-to's for Linux users who feel they are past the beginner and intermediate stages of training. It covers a wide range of topics, but it puts special emphasis on installation, configuration and maintenance tasks.

#12 Linux Advanced Routing and Traffic Control

This tutorial is for advanced users who have some prior knowledge of the Linux system. As the name suggests, the tutorial focuses on routing and traffic control. Primary topics include iproute2, traffic shaping and netfilter.

#13 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Tutorial

Novell offers a number of high quality tutorials through the OpenCourseWare program. This one in particular is for Linux professionals who want to gain an understanding of the differences between version 9 and version 10 of the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server. All of the topics in this tutorial relate to topics covered in the Novell Certified Linux Professional (CLP) curriculum and include exercises to reinforce learning.

Sunday, June 27, 2010

Hinduism is Open Source

Even Hinduism is Open Source. How divine!! Read on :-)
And NOOOO, I didn't write (wish I had!). Got it from a friend!!!
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Hinduism is 'Open Source'

Trying to explain the core beliefs of "Hinduism" to an interested observer can be challenging to say the least. Its often stated that the word "Hinduism" itself is a total misnomer, as it basically refers to the sum total of spiritual and religious thought and practice that has taken place on the Indian subcontinent over the past 5,000 years. And lets just say it's been a busy 5,000 years.

The sheer volume of spiritual literature and doctrine, the number of distinct gods worshiped (over 30 million, according to some sources), the breadth of distinct philosophies and practices that have emerged, and the total transformation over time of many of the core Indic teachings and beliefs can be disconcerting to those raised in monotheistic cultures, as we are used to each faith bringing with it a defined set of beliefs that -- with the exception of some denominational rifts over the centuries -- stay pretty much consistent over time.

However, the key point of differentiation between Hinduism and these other faiths is not polytheism vs. monotheism. The key differentiation is that "Hinduism" is Open Source and most other faiths are Closed Source..

"Open source is an approach to the design, development, and distribution of software, offering practical accessibility to a software's source code." 

If we consider god, the concept of god, the practices that lead one to god, and the ideas, thoughts and philosophies around the nature of the human mind the source code, then India has been the place where the doors have been thrown wide open and the coders have been given free reign to craft, invent, reinvent, refine, imagine, and re-imagine to the point that literally every variety of the spiritual and cognitive experience has been explored, celebrated, and documented.

Atheists and goddess worshipers, heretics who've sought god through booze, sex, and meat, ash covered hermits, dualists and non-dualists, nihilists and hedonists, poets and singers, students and saints, children and outcasts ... all have contributed their lines of code to the Hindu string.

The results of India's God Project -- as I like to refer to Hinduism -- have been absolutely staggering. The body of knowledge -- scientific, faith-based, and experience-based -- that has been accrued on the nature of mind, consciousness, and human behavior, and the number of practical methods that have been specifically identified to work with ones own mind are without compare. The Sanskrit language itself contains a massive lexicon of words -- far more than any other historic or modern language -- that deal specifically with states of mental cognition, perception, awareness, and behavioral psychology.

At the heart of the Indic source code are the Vedas, which immediately establish the primacy of inquiry in Indic thought. In the Rig Veda, the oldest of all Hindu texts (and possibly the oldest of all spiritual texts on the planet), God, or Prajapati, is summarized as one big mysterious question and we the people are basically invited to answer it.

"Who really knows?
Who will here proclaim it?
Whence was it produced?
Whence is this creation?
The gods came afterwards, with the creation of this universe.
Who then knows whence it has arisen?"

While the god of the Old Testament was shouting command(ment)s, Prajapati was asking: "Who am I?"

Since opening the floodgates on the divine question, Indic thought has followed a glorious evolutionary arc from shamanism, nature worship and sacrifice through sublime and complex theories on mental cognition, the nature of consciousness, and quantum physics.

Through tracing the subcontinents relationship with the deities of the Vedas, we can trace the course of Indic thought over the centuries. One of the first things we notice is that not only does the people's relationship to god change over the centuries, the gods themselves change. Shiva, for example, appears in the vedas as Rudra, the howler, god of storms, still something of a lesser deity.

Reappearing over the centuries as Bhairava -- he who inspires fear -- Pashupati, lord of beasts, the god of yogis, and the destroyer, Shiva finally, by the 9th century, achieves status in Kashmir as the fundamental energetic building block of the entire universe. Neat trick.

But as much as the gods change and the evolution of Indic thought leads us to increasingly modern and post-modern views of the nature of reality, the old Vedic codes still remain front and center. One of Hinduism's defining factors is that the historic view of god, the nature worship and shamanism, never went away, so that god as currently worshiped exists simultaneously as symbol and archetype as well as literal embodiment. That Shiva, for instance, could simultaneously be the light of ultimate consciousness and an ash-smeared madman who frequents cremation grounds is a delight to us spiritual anarchists, while mind numbing to most western Theologists.

Western and Middle Eastern monotheistic faiths have simply not allowed such liberal interpretation of their God. They continue to exist as closed source systems.

"Generally, [closed source] means only the binaries of a computer program are distributed and the license provides no access to the program's source code. The source code of such programs might be regarded as a trade secret of the company."

One of the defining facts of Christian history is that access to God has been viewed -- as in most closed source systems -- as a trade secret. The ability to reinterpret the bible, or the teachings of Christ, or the Old Testament, or to challenge the basic fundamental authority of the church has been non-existent for most of the church's history. Those who dared to do so were quite often killed.
In Indic thought, there is no trade secret. The foundation of yoga is that the key to god, or the macrocosm, or the absolute ... lies within the individual and can be accessed through a certain set of practices. It's a beautifully simple but ultimately profound concept that has been allowed to flourish unchecked for millennia. The process of discovering and re-imagining the divine is in your hands. The God Project.
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